Prambanan Temple

There are so many temple in Indonesia, and the most famous are Borobudur temple and Prambanan temple. If Borobudur temple is buddish temple, this prambanan temple is hinduism temple. Biggest in Indonesia and one of  good place in Yogyakarta.
Prambanan temple is located at West of  Yogyakarta. The temple was found in ruined condition and was buried. Nobody know how this very big temple could be buried by hundreds years. But, in the villager near the temple source, the temple was burried by the lava from Mount Merapi, one of the most active mount in the world. So, there weren’t any people could find it.
There is a legend that Javanese people always tell about this temple. As the story tells, there was a man named Bandung Bondowoso who loved Roro Jonggrang. To refuse his love, Jonggrang asked Bondowoso to make her a temple with 1,000 statues only in one-night time. The request was nearly fulfilled when Jonggrang asked the villagers to pound rice and to set a fire in order to look like morning had broken. Feeling to be cheated, Bondowoso who only completed 999 statues cursed Jonggrang to be the thousandth statue.

Originally, Prambanan Temple was situated on a rectangular area comprising three different courts, Jaba ( outer court), Tengahan ( middle court) and Njeron (inner court). The outer yard is an open area enclosing the outer court. The latter is 390 square meters and was encircled by stone walls, which are now in ruins. The outer court is now vacant. Whether or not there was a building or any other decorating materials on the court remains unknown.

The middle court is situated in the middle of outer court. The middle court is a 222-square-meter rectangle. There used to be a stone wall enclosing the middle court, but the wall has now crumbled. This court consists of four steplike stone terraces, one on top of the other. On the bottom terrace, there are 68 small temples standing in a row along the terrace edge. The long row is interspersed with four access ways connecting between terraces. On the next terrace, there are 60 temples, while the terrace above it holds 52 temples. On the top terrace, there are 44 temples. All of small temples at the middle court are alike, they have the same size and design. The base is six square meters and the temple is 14 meters tall. However, most of them have fallen into ruins.

The inner court is the highest place at the temple compound and considered as the most sacred place. This court is a 110-square-meter rectangle and raised 1.5 meters higher than the top terrace of the middle court. The inner court is enclosed by stone walls and plaster. There used to be a Paduraksa gate on each of four inner court sides. However, only the gate on south side that remains intact. There are two small temples placed in front of each gate. Each of those small temples is only four meters tall and the temple base is 1.5 square.
There are two rows of temples lying across from north to south in the inner court. The west row consists of three temples that face east. The temple at the north end of the row is Vishnu Temple, the one in the middle is Shiva Temple, and the last one at the south end is Brahma Temple. The east row consists of three temples facing west. Those three temples are called Vehicle Temples as each of them is named after the animal on which a god whose temple is situated across from it usually rides.

The temple located across from Vishnu Temple is Garuda Temple, the one situated across from Shiva Temple is Nandi (cow) Temple, while the one opposite Brahma Temple is Swan Temple. There is an alley separating these two rows of temples. The size and design of Vishnu, Brahma, Swan, Garuda and Nandi Temples are alike. Each of them is 25 meters tall, and the temple base is 15 square meters. There is a smaller temple at each end of the alley. The temple at north end faces its counterpart at south end, and both are called Apit Temples. 
But today, the Indonesia country can be so proud because they have very interesting and very beautifull temple in the world. The Prambanan temple.
 

Barabudhur Temple

Barabudhur is located in Magelang Regency, around 15 km to the Southwest of Yogyakarta. The Indonesia’s biggest Buddhist temple has been registered in world heritage list number 348, which was changed into number 592 in 1991. This temple is laid out on a small hill surrounded by Menoreh Hill, Merapi Volcano, and Mount Merbabu to the northeast and Mount Sumbing and Sindoro to the northwest. Until today scholars have yet to come to an agreement in regard of the name Barabudhur. Negarakertagama (1365 AD) mentions “Budur”, a Buddhis shrine of Vajradhara. According to Casparis, Sri Kahulunan stone inscription (842 AD) mentions “Kawulan i Bhumi Sambhara”. He argues based on the inscription that Barabudhur is a place of worship. Bumi Shambara is the name of certain part in Barabudhur temple. According to Poerbatjaraka, Barabudhur means Budur Monastery, while Raffles stated that 'boro' means “big” and 'budur' is the Javanese term for Buddha.
Based on inscriptions found on several stones in Barabudhur Temple, scholars conclude that this temple was built around the year 780 AD under kings of Sanjaya Dynasty. The construction took tens of years and it was completed only 830 AD, during the reigns of King Samaratungga of Syailendra dynasty. This grand temple is said to be built by an architect named Gunadharma, although no written evidence is found to about this man. In 950 AD Barabudhur was buried by lava from Merapi eruption, and it was rediscovered after a thousand year in 1814. The rediscovery was on the merit of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. When Raffles paid a visit to Semarang, he was informed that there was piles of stones with relief. In 1814, a group of people visited an area in Kedu residency to find out further about a legend linked with a hill near Boro village. Making their way through shrubs and after digging and removing the mound of volcanic ashes, they found a large number of stone blocks carved in strange pictures. Raffles gave order to Cornelius, a Dutch, to clean them. Further cleaning of the stones and the vicinity was continued by Hartman, then Kedu resident.
Barabudhur stands on a hill extending east to west. This temple is made of blocks of andesite 47,500 m3 in volume, which are arranged in precision without adhesives and coated with vajralepa, like the one applied on Kalasan and Sari temples. The ancient structure of Barabudhur is square with four stairways on the four sides, i.e. on the east, south, west, and north. It is said that an uphill path was found on below the temple base on the east. It becomes a basis for an assumption that the temple and the temple’s main entrance face the east.
The bottom of each stairway holds a statue of dragon head with open mouth with a lion sitting inside. The assumption that Barabudhur faces the east is founded on the fact that Pradaksina sculptures should be read beginning from the east and ending in the east as well. Apart from that, the biggest lion statue is also located on this side.  
Originally this ancient building stood 42 m high, but now it is only 34.5 m high after restoration. The temple’s square base is 123 x 123 m in dimension, with porches on each side. The entire edifice consists of 10 stories on an area of 15.13 m2. The first seven terraces are square, and the upper three are circular. Each stairway that leads to the upper terraces has a beautifully adorned gate, with kalamakara without its lower jaws attached above the it.

Borobudur has no interiors for worshipping, as this temple was intended to be a pilgrimage destination and a place to gain more in-depth knowledge about Buddhism. The entire walls are 1500 m2, adorned with 1460 panels, each of which is 2 m wide.

There are 504 Buddha statues, including those already damaged. The statues represent the Buddha in a range of postures. 

• On the east side are statues of Dhyani Buddha Aksobhya, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hands touching the ground or in Bhumiparsyamudra position.
• On the south side are statues of Dhyani Buddha Ratnasambhawa, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hands in blessing or Varamudra position.
• On the west side are statues of Dhyani Buddha Amitabha, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hands in Dhyanamudra meditating position.
• On the north side are statues of Dhyani Buddha Amogasidhi, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hands in soothing or Abhayamudra position.
• On top of the temple are statues of Dhyani Buddha Vairosyana, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hand in teaching or Vitarkamudra position (thumb and forefinger touching, and the other three fingers rising).
• On the circular terraces are statues of Dhyani Buddha Vairosyana, i.e. Buddha sitting cross-legged with hands in a position of giving religious teachings or Dharmacakramudra.

Barabudhur represents the three stages of human life. The base is called Kamadhatu,  representing the profane world full of desires and passions (kama). The walls of the temple base are adorned with 160 relief panels illustrating Karmawibangga. Today we cannot see the panels because they are buried under soil mound. While temple construction was underway, the incomplete structure sank into the earth, forcing the architect to bury the temple’s base. It was done for, in addition to preventing the structure from collapsing, aesthetic and ethic purposes. 
The temple’s body consists of 5 terraces in ever-decreasing size laid out on a square plan. Each terrace has a walkway encircling the body. Richly sculptured walls flank the walkway. The body is called Rupadhatu, which means the material world. In this world, human beings are still bond by worldly living, although they have already attempted to control their desires and passions.